Holograms
Holograms are an advanced technological solution that enables three-dimensional images to appear in space—visible to the naked eye, without special glasses. These displays create a sense of depth and presence, as if an object is truly floating in the air. In museums, holograms bring historical figures to life, showcase inventions, and explain concepts in a way that draws visitors in and captivates them. Each type of hologram offers a different approach—from subtle optical illusions to large, interactive projections in mid-air.
Pepper’s Ghost projections
Pepper’s Ghost is the best-known and most commonly used type of hologram in museum exhibitions. This technology uses specialised reflective foils and projectors to create the illusion of a three-dimensional person or object appearing in space. The result is a highly realistic display that can be life-size—ideal for presenting historical figures, guides, or scenes that “come to life” in front of an audience. Pepper’s Ghost combines the tradition of theatrical illusion with modern technology and requires no special equipment to view.
Holographic mesh and transparent projections
This type of hologram uses a fine holographic mesh or transparent screen that acts as an almost invisible projection surface. The image appears to float in the air, while the screen itself remains barely noticeable. This technology enables floating figures, objects, or animations that seem to hover in the space between the audience and the exhibits. It is ideal for museums that want to integrate digital content into the real environment without visual barriers.
Hologram pyramids and display boxes
Hologram pyramids (20–60 inches) and enclosed display boxes use reflective surfaces and multiple projections to create a 3D image within a physical structure. Visitors can view the object from different angles, and the image appears to float inside the transparent pyramid. This technology is perfect for presenting smaller artefacts, historical objects, logos, or interactive models. Because it is compact and stable, it is often used in permanent exhibitions and educational installations.
Rotating holograms
Rotating holograms create a three-dimensional image in the air using fast-spinning LED strips that draw the image at high speed. These holograms can range from about 30 cm to several metres in size and are especially effective in central positions within a space. Thanks to the sense of volume and motion, they strongly capture visitors’ attention and create the impression that the content is truly floating freely in mid-air.
Holograms on water and mist
For dramatic and poetic effects, a hologram can be projected onto a water surface or a fine mist of smoke. The image becomes almost ethereal—it appears, disappears, and shifts shape depending on light and air movement. This method is particularly attractive in thematic and artistic exhibitions, as it creates a sense of mystery and transience, making the technology feel like an almost invisible part of the scenography.
Interactive holograms
The most advanced form of holographic display enables visitors to interact with the projection. Systems using IR sensors, cameras, or touch-device apps respond to movement, voice, or touch. Visitors can choose content, ask questions, or trigger different views with a hand gesture. These holograms turn watching into participation—the audience becomes part of the story, and technology becomes a tool for dialogue between the museum and the visitor.